Breast Cancer in Men: Breaking the Silence this Pink October

When most people think of breast cancer, they imagine it as a disease that only affects women. However, breast cancer in men, though rare, is a reality. With Pink October dedicated to raising awareness about breast cancer, it's crucial to remember that men can also be affected. Around 1% of all breast cancer cases occur in men, and while this may seem small, it still means that thousands of men face this diagnosis every year.

This Pink October, Alea encourages you to break the silence and talk about breast cancer in men.

What is Male Breast Cancer?

Though men do not have breasts like women, they do have a small amount of breast tissue, making it possible for cancer to develop. Breast cancer in men most commonly originates in the ducts, which are small tubes in the breast tissue. This form of cancer is known as invasive ductal carcinoma, and it accounts for most cases in men.

Just like with women, breast cancer in men can spread to other parts of the body if left untreated, making early detection vital.

Common Symptoms of Male Breast Cancer

Recognizing the symptoms is key to early detection and treatment. The signs of breast cancer in men are similar to those in women. Here are the symptoms men should look out for:

• A lump or swelling in the breast, usually painless.
• Skin dimpling or puckering around the breast.
• Redness, scaling, or flaking of the breast skin.
• Nipple changes, such as retraction (the nipple turning inward) or unusual discharge.

Because men tend to have less breast tissue, any changes may be easier to notice. However, many men may ignore these signs, delaying diagnosis and treatment.

Risk Factors for Male Breast Cancer

While any man can develop breast cancer, certain factors increase the risk:

• Age: Men over 60 are more likely to be diagnosed.
• Family history: A strong family history of breast cancer, especially with BRCA1 or BRCA2 gene mutations, raises the likelihood.
• Radiation exposure: Men who have received radiation treatment to the chest may be at greater risk.
• Hormonal imbalances: High levels of estrogen due to conditions like Klinefelter syndrome or hormone treatments can contribute to the risk.
• Liver disease: Conditions such as cirrhosis can lead to higher estrogen levels, increasing the chance of breast cancer.

It’s important for men who fall into these risk categories to stay vigilant and monitor their health.

Diagnosis and Treatment

When it comes to diagnosing breast cancer in men, the process is similar to that of women. It often starts with a physical exam followed by imaging tests like a mammogram or ultrasound. A biopsy may also be performed to confirm the presence of cancer cells.

Treatment options for men are nearly identical to those for women. These may include:

• Surgery: Removal of the tumor or, in some cases, a mastectomy to remove all breast tissue.
• Radiation therapy: To target and destroy cancer cells.
• Chemotherapy: To attack cancer cells throughout the body.
• Hormone therapy: Since many male breast cancers are hormone receptor-positive, hormone therapy can be effective in preventing the cancer from returning.

Breaking the Stigma

One of the biggest challenges men face when diagnosed with breast cancer is the stigma. The belief that breast cancer is a “woman’s disease” can make men feel isolated or embarrassed. As a result, many men delay seeking medical help, which can worsen their prognosis.

This Pink October, let’s raise awareness and support men who are dealing with breast cancer. By spreading the message that breast cancer can affect anyone—regardless of gender—we can help remove the stigma and encourage early diagnosis, which is key to improving outcomes.

While breast cancer in men is less common than in women, it’s not less serious. By talking about it openly, we can encourage more men to get checked and receive the support they need.